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Chemical Compositions, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Roll Core used Ductile Iron in Centrifugal Casting Composite Rolls Yunlong Bai,Yikun Luan, Nannan Song, Xiuhong Kang, Dianzhong Li, Yiyi Li J. Mater. Sci. Technol.    2012, 28 (9): 853-858.   Abstract （1120）   HTML （31）          Knowledge map    The industrial manufacture processes of three kinds of roll core used ductile irons have been investigated via systematical experiments. Effects of the ratio of C/Si, pig iron, nodularizer and alloying method on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the heavy section ductile iron have been analyzed. It has been found that when treated with RE-Mg plus Sb, high quality nodular castings can be produced even if much anti spheroidizing alloy elements are included in the pig iron. The alloy element Sb played an important role in the control of graphite morphology. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Antibacterial Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles against E. Coli ATCC-15224 M.Raffi, F.Hussain, T.M.Bhatti, J.I.Akhter, A.Hameed, M.M.Hasan J Mater Sci Technol    2008, 24 (02): 192-196.   Abstract （4433）   HTML （29）    PDF （533KB）（8480）       Knowledge map    Silver nanoparticles of mean size 16 nm were synthesized by inert gas condensation (IGC) method. Crystalline structure, morphology and nanoparticles size estimation were conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Antibacterial activity of these silver nanoparticles as a function of particles concentration against gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli (E.coli) was carried out in liquid as well as solid growth media. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and TEM studies showed that silver nanoparticles after interaction with E.coli have adhered to and penetrated into the bacterial cells. Antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles are attributed to their total surface area, as a larger surface to volume ratio of nanoparticles provides more efficient means for enhanced antibacterial activity. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Alloying Elements on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Heavy Section Ductile Cast Iron G.S.Cho, K.H.Choe, K.W.Lee, A.Ikenaga J Mater Sci Technol    2007, 23 (01): 97-101.   Abstract （2651）   HTML （18）    PDF （1032KB）（7819）       Knowledge map    The effects of alloying elements on the as-cast microstructures and mechanical properties of heavy section ductile cast iron were investigated to develop press die material having high strength and high ductility. Measurements of ultimate tensile strength, 0.2% proof strength, elongation and unnotched Charpy impact energy are presented as a function of alloy amounts within 0.25 to 0.75 wt pct range. Hardness is measured on the broken tensile specimens. The small additions of Mo, Cu, Ni and Cr changed the as-cast mechanical properties owing to the different as-cast matrix microstructures. The ferrite matrix of Mo and Ni alloyed cast iron exhibits low strength and hardness as well as high elongation and impact energy. The increase in Mo and Ni contents developed some fractions of pearlite structures near the austenite eutectic cell boundaries, which caused the elongation and impact energy to drop in a small range. Adding Cu and Cr elements rapidly changed the ferrite matrix into pearlite matrix, so strength and hardness were significantly increased. As more Mo and Cr were added, the size and fraction of primary carbides in the eutectic cell boundaries increased through the segregation of these elements into the intercellular boundaries. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on Sol-Gel Derived Coatings: Process, Techniques and Optical Applications S.M.Attia, Jue WANG, Guangming WU, Jun SHEN, Jianhua MA J Mater Sci Technol    2002, 18 (03): 211-217.   Abstract （2588）   HTML （4）    PDF （1658KB）（7643）       Knowledge map    Sol-gel process is one of the simplest techniques to manufacture thin films. The quality of the prepared films depends on the parameters of the sol-gel process and the used technique for deposition. A great variety of the sol-gel derived films have been prepared for different applications. We present a review on the sol-gel derived coatings. The description of the process is introduced in details. Different sol-gel deposition techniques are mentioned. The optical applications of the sol-gel derived coatings are reviewed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Electroplating Parameters on Microstructure of Nanocrystalline Nickel Coatings A.M. Rashidi A. Amadeh J Mater Sci Technol    2010, 26 (1): 82-86.   Abstract （1652）   HTML （7）    PDF （647KB）（6834）       Knowledge map    In order to achieve the optimum conditions for electroplating nanocrystalline nickel coating from Watts-type bath, the effect of some process parameters namely, bath temperature, current density, and saccharin addition on grain size and texture coefficient (TC= I(200) /I(111) ) of the deposits were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that in a bath containing 5 g/L saccharin, by increasing the bath temperature from 45°C to 55°C, the grain size decreased, whereas further increase of bath temperature resulted in a contrary effect. By increasing the current density from 10 to 75 mA/cm2, both the grain size and TC decreased, while further increase in current density had no significant effect on the grain size. At a given current density, the grain size and TC decreased rapidly by increasing the saccharin content before leveling off at 3 g/L of saccharin. Finally, based on the grain refining the optimum conditions for producing nanocrystalline nickel coating from Watts-type bath have been proposed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Controlled Growth of One-Dimensional Oxide Nanomaterials Xiaosheng FANG, Lide ZHANG J Mater Sci Technol    2006, 22 (01): 1-18.   Abstract （5956）   HTML （3）    PDF （10236KB）（6533）       Knowledge map    This article reviews the recent developments in the controlled growth of one-dimensional (1D) oxide nanomaterials, including ZnO, SnO2, In2O3, Ga2O3, SiOx, MgO, and Al2O3. The growth of 1D oxide nanomaterials was carried out in a simple chemical vapor transport and condensation system. This article will begin with a survey of nanotechnology and 1D nanomaterials achieved by many researchers, and then mainly discuss on the controlled growth of 1D oxide nanomaterials with their morphologies, sizes, compositions, and microstructures controlled by altering experimental parameters, such as the temperature at the source material and the substrate, temperature gradient in the tube furnace, the total reaction time, the heating rate of the furnace, the gas flow rate, and the starting material. Their roles in the formation of various morphologies are analyzed and discussed. Finally, this review will be concluded with personal perspectives on the future research directions of this area. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Impact Properties for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels O.H. Ibrahim J Mater Sci Technol    2011, 27 (10): 931-936.   Abstract （1144）   HTML （8）          Knowledge map    The impact properties of hot rolled carbon steel (used for the manufacture of reinforcement steel bars) and the quenched & tempered (Q&T) low alloy steel (used in the pressure vessel industry) were determined. The microstructure of the hot rolled carbon steel contained ferrite/pearlite phases, while that of the quenched and tempered low alloy steel contained bainite structure. Impact properties were determined for both steels by instrumented impact testing at temperatures between -150 and 200°C. The impact properties comprised total impact energy, ductile to brittle transition temperature, crack initiation and propagation energy, brittleness transition temperature and cleavage fracture stress. The Q&T low alloy steel displayed much higher resistance to ductile fracture at high test temperatures, while its resistance to brittle fracture at low test temperatures was a little higher than that of the hot rolled carbon steel. The results were discussed in relation to the di®erence in the chemical composition and microstructure for the two steels. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Die Casting Mold Design of the Thin-walled Aluminum Case by Computational Solidification Simulation Young-Chan Kim, Chang-Seog Kang, Jae-Ik Cho, Chang-Yeol Jeong, Se-Weon Choi, Sung-Kil Hong J Mater Sci Technol    2008, 24 (03): 383-388.   Abstract （2708）   HTML （13）    PDF （3805KB）（6179）       Knowledge map    Recently, demand for the lightweight alloy in electric/electronic housings has been greatly increased. However, among the lightweight alloys, aluminum alloy thin-walled die casting is problematic because it is quite difficult to achieve sufficient fluidity and feedability to fill the thin cavity as the wall thickness becomes less than 1 mm. Therefore, in this study, thin-walled die casting of aluminum (Al-Si-Cu alloy: ALDC 12) in size of notebook computer housing and thickness of 0.8 mm was investigated by solidification simulation (MAGMA soft) and actual casting experiment (Buhler Evolution B 53D). Three different types of gating design, finger, tangential and split type with 6 vertical runners, were simulated and the results showed that sound thin-walled die casting was possible with tangential and split type gating design because those gates allowed aluminum melt to flow into the thin cavity uniformly and split type gating system was preferable gating design comparing to tangential type gating system at the point of view of soundness of casting and distortion generated after solidification. Also, the solidification simulation agreed well with the actual die-casting and the casting showed no casting defects and distortion. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation on Structure and Properties of Brass Casting M.M.Haque, A.A.Khan J Mater Sci Technol    2008, 24 (03): 299-301.   Abstract （2669）   HTML （5）    PDF （5589KB）（5689）       Knowledge map    In this work, alpha (α) brass was poured in green sand mould and metallic chill mould at about 1050℃. Sand casting method and metallic chill casting method are representing the slow and fast cooling rates of the castings, respectively. The slow cooling rate in the sand mould produces larger grains, while the metallic chill mould produces smaller grains in the castings. As the grain size decreases, the strength of the cast brass increases; micro-porosity in the casting decreases and the tendency for the casting to fracture during solidification decreases. Thus, the faster cooling rate casting offers higher strength, density and hardness compared to the slow cooling rate casting. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mathematical Model for the Rotary Kiln Process and Its Application XIAO Xingguo LI Jiaxin CAO Tongyou XIAO Zeqiang Northeast University of Technology,Shenyang,110006,China. J Mater Sci Technol    1991, 7 (1): 55-64.   Abstract （1730）   HTML （6）    PDF （688KB）（5584）       Knowledge map    A mathematical model to predict the operation behaviours of the rotary kiln process and to describe the axial distribution of process variables along the length of the reactor has been developed in present work.The model is established based on the principle of mass and heat balance in the system under a steady state with the consideration of kinetic characteristics of the processes.Four examples of the simulation processes in a pi- lot kiln and 3 commercial kilns by using the present mathematical model are given in this paper.The good agreement between the predicted results and the measured data has been obtained. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics